Testicular Tumors

Common info

Testicular tumors are common in male dogs and cats of reproductive age. The types of tumors that often appear include Sertoli cell tumors, Interstitial (Leydig) cell tumors, and seminomas. Although they are rare, other kinds of tumors may also be encountered, for example, embryonal carcinoma, lipoma, fibroma, hemangioma, chondroma, and teratoma.

History

The cause of testicular tumors is still unknown. However, some factors are believed to play a significant role in initiating the disease, including genetic disorder, hormone disorder, direct contact with toxins and regular injuries, and inflammations of the testicles. Animals with cryptorchidism are also more prone to have testicular tumors.

Description

Testicular tumors are the primary consequence of the overproduction of estrogen or testosterone, resulting in the development of tumors. The common types of them include:

Sertoli Cell Tumors: The kind of neoplasms that can spread to other parts of the body.
Leydig Cell Tumors: Most of them are benign and small with little effects on the affected pets.
Seminomas: The cause of swelling in testicles.

Symptoms

Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Shrinkage of one or both of the testicles.
An atrophic penis.
Lose weight
Pale skin
Hair loss in the area of the tumor (alopecia).
Hyperpigmentation of the skin.
A mass in the abdomen or inguinal area.
Characteristics of feminization

The symptoms found in testicular tumors in dogs and cats are blood in the urine (hematuria), shrinkage of one or both of the testicles, atrophy of one or both of the testicles, atrophic penis, lose weight, pale skin, hair loss in the area of the tumor (alopecia), hyperpigmentation of the skin, a mass in the abdomen or inguinal, such as having an attraction to male dogs or a flow of liquid from the breasts.

Treatment and Prevention

Orchiectomy (testicle removal surgery) is a primary treatment for testicular tumors. After surgery, precautions will be taken to avoid complications, such as swelling, infection, and bleeding into scrotum. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy will be prescribed to minimize the spread of tumors into an abdomen.

Bluepearlvet. | Testicular Tumors
Wagwalking | Testicular Tumor (Sertoli Cell) in Dogs
Honestdocs | Sertoli Cell Tumor in Dogs
Vetinfo | Testicular Tumors in Dogs
Dhaliwal, R., Kitchell, B., Knight, B., & Schmidt, B. 1999. Treatment of aggressive testicular tumors in four dogs. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 35(4), 311–318.
Hayes, H. M., & Pendergrass, T. W. 1976. Canine testicular tumors: Epidemiologic features of 410 dogs. International Journal of Cancer, 18(4), 482–487.
Liao, A. T., Chu, P. Y., Yeh, L. S., Lin, C. T., and Liu, C.H. 2009. A 12-Year Retrospective Study of Canine Testicular Tumors. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 71(7).
Mostofi, F. K. 1973. Testicular tumors.Epidemiologic, etiologic, and pathologic features. Cancer, 32(5), 1186–1201.
Rosvoll, R. V., & Woodard, J. R. 1968. Malignant sertoli cell tumor of the testis. Cancer, 22(1), 8–13.

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